Retablos and Ex-Votos Exhibit

October 28 - November 27, 2002

Retablos and Ex-Votos:
A Window into the Soul of Mexico

milagro


The Tradition Today

retablos

Nowadays the tradition of painted Ex- Votos is very much in decline. Easily and cheaply obtained prints and photographs and the increased costs to artisans for materials and cost of living have done much to reduce the willingness of individuals to pay for items such as these. It is very difficult to see an Ex-Voto dated from after the 1960's. Social displacement, a decrease in the exhibition of traditional rituals, as well as competition from other religious faiths have helped to de-emphasize the value of folklore observances.


Traditionally in Latin America the middle and upper classes have scarce interest in the products of folk art. Such rustic items were regarded as not worthy of collection or study. It is only from the mid 20th century on that due to pioneering studies of folk art they have garnered the interest of American collectors has been obtained..

 

Until a few years ago these laminas could be obtained very cheaply. Today there are a finite number of them available and they are highly desired as collectibles. In the future, as more studies contribute to the growth of knowledge on this subject, it is probable that these paintings will increase in value. Given their scarcity it was inevitable that artists in Mexico would copy this style of art. Wonderful examples of Votos and retablos can be seen on the market. Although these are not genuine tokens of faith and devotion they still serve as magnificent examples of a style of folk art. These also honor and provide continuity to traditional artistic expressions.

 

 

retablo
"El día 1º de Octubre de 1925 aconteció que la señora Teodora Jaime encontrándose gravemente enferma de una fuerte disípela se la encomendamos al niño de los atribulados que si la aliviaba le llevaba un retablo mandándoselo concedido la dedicación."

"On the 1st of October of 1925 it Mrs. Teodora Jaime became gravely ill with " disipela" (probably a skin infection). She put herself in the hands of the Holy Infant of the Afflicted and stated that if she would be relieved of illness she would make an offering of a retablo with the dedication."

 

Many of the Ex -Votos shown in this exhibit were collected over a number of years by Annabelle and Nathan Bressler, mostly around the area of Guanajuato and Guerrero. Mrs. Bressler was a well known physical anthropologist who did much work in Mexico, especially on Aztec architecture and artifacts. The Bresslers also used to live part of each year in Mexico where they indulged in their collecting passion for Pre-Columbian and Spanish Colonial religious and secular folk art and artifacts.

These simple pieces of rustic and naïve art give wonderful insights into the processes of faith, belief, and tradition of the people of Mexico. They are a window into the soul of Mexico.

 

retablo


References


- Giffords, G.K- "Mexican Folk Retablos" - U of A Press Tucson-1976
- Bach, Caleb- "Devoted to Saints on Tin"- in Americas Vol. 54 #2
Washington-2002
- Giffords ,GF- " El arte de la Devocion" -in Artes de Mexico #53 Mexico -2001
- Egan, Martha J- "Milagros, Antiguos Iconos de Fe"- Artes de Mexico #53
Mexico-2001
- Oettinger,M.-" ExVotos Maritimos"- Artes de Mexico #53 Mexico-2001
- Durand, Jorge- " Los Retablos de Hermegildo Bartos" -Artes de Mexico Mexico-2001
- Arias P and Durand J- "Revolucionados"- Artes de Mexico #53 Mexico-2001
-Arias P- "Palabras, Imágenes y Silencios, El Ex Voto Femenino"- Artes de Mexico #53 Mexico-2001
- Durand, J and Massey D.- " Migrantes Agradecidos"- Artes de Mexico #53
-Mexico-2001
- Giffords, GF; Lange,Y; de Aspe, V.A., and Meade,M.- " The Art of Private Devotion, Retablo Painting of Mexico"- Inter Cultura Fort Worth-1991
- Salvador, Marilyn- " Cuando Hablan los Santos, Contemporary Santero Traditions from Norther New Mexico"- Santa Fe-1995
- Oktavec,E- " Answered Prayers"- Uof A Press Tucson-1995
- Egan, MJ.-" Reliquaries, Devotional Miniatures of the Americas"
Santa Fe-1993
-Wroth,W- " Images of Penence, Images of Mercy" - U of A Press
Norman,OK-1991
- Oettinger, Marion- " Folk Treasures of Mexico" New York-1990
- Perdigao, Teresa and Cabral, Joao de P.- " Milagre que Fez"
Coimbra, Portugal-1997
-Kalb, Laurie B.- " Crafting Devotions- Traditions in Contemporary New Mexico Santos"- Univ. of New Mexico Press Albuquerque-1996
-Porter E. and Auerbach, E.- " Mexican Churches"- Chronicle- San Francisco-1999
- Charlot, Jean- " Mexican Ex-Votos" - Magazine of Art 42 #4 1949
- Montenegro, Roberto- " Retablos de Mexico"- Mexico D.F. Eds. Mexicanas- 1950

 

Thanks to:
Many thanks to Maribel Simon Dé Luca for lending us her materials, Cecilia Puerto, Cristina Favretto and Jossie Chavez for organizing this event, Natalie Pastor (Library Instruction/Graphic Services) for designing the beautiful poster and flyers, and the staff and students of Special Collections for photographing and scanning the images.


A Celebration of The Day of the Dead - Día de los muertos


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